India’s Technological Ascendancy in South Asia: Strategic, Security, and Geopolitical Challenges for Pakistan
What India has achieved in acquiring, in hardly any time, next-generation weapon systems for future battlefields, hypersonic missile capability, warfare with artificial intelligence, cyber power, quantum computing, and space-based assets has suddenly changed the military-strategic landscape in the subcontinent and added to Indo-Pak rivalry, besides putting structures of nuclear deterrence under severe stress. Anchored in the lenses of offensive realism and security dilemma theories, the paper also examines the drivers of India's military modernization, its linear progression, and the multi-dimensional implications for Pakistan's defense policy and geostrategy. Specific focus is drawn to India's unilateral suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT). Results add to the growing narrative of the destabilization of strategic stability, intensified arms race kinetics, and environmental exposure, illustrating the need for active diplomacy, legal action, and asymmetric responses to encourage de-escalating trends in a nuclearized part of the world.
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Indo-Pakistani Rivalry, Military Modernization, Offensive Realism, Security Dilemma, Strategic Stability, Geopolitical Dynamics, Nuclear Deterrence
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(1) Ahmad Farooq
PhD Scholar (IR), Department of Politics and International Relations, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Khan
Professor, Department of Politics and International Relations, International Islamic University Islamabad (IIUI), Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Sidra Khan
Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Bahria University Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Cite this article
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APA : Farooq, A., Khan, M., & Khan, S. (2025). India’s Technological Ascendancy in South Asia: Strategic, Security, and Geopolitical Challenges for Pakistan. Global Foreign Policies Review, VIII(II), 31-36. https://doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2025(VIII-II).04
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CHICAGO : Farooq, Ahmad, Muhammad Khan, and Sidra Khan. 2025. "India’s Technological Ascendancy in South Asia: Strategic, Security, and Geopolitical Challenges for Pakistan." Global Foreign Policies Review, VIII (II): 31-36 doi: 10.31703/gfpr.2025(VIII-II).04
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HARVARD : FAROOQ, A., KHAN, M. & KHAN, S. 2025. India’s Technological Ascendancy in South Asia: Strategic, Security, and Geopolitical Challenges for Pakistan. Global Foreign Policies Review, VIII, 31-36.
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MHRA : Farooq, Ahmad, Muhammad Khan, and Sidra Khan. 2025. "India’s Technological Ascendancy in South Asia: Strategic, Security, and Geopolitical Challenges for Pakistan." Global Foreign Policies Review, VIII: 31-36
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MLA : Farooq, Ahmad, Muhammad Khan, and Sidra Khan. "India’s Technological Ascendancy in South Asia: Strategic, Security, and Geopolitical Challenges for Pakistan." Global Foreign Policies Review, VIII.II (2025): 31-36 Print.
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OXFORD : Farooq, Ahmad, Khan, Muhammad, and Khan, Sidra (2025), "India’s Technological Ascendancy in South Asia: Strategic, Security, and Geopolitical Challenges for Pakistan", Global Foreign Policies Review, VIII (II), 31-36
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TURABIAN : Farooq, Ahmad, Muhammad Khan, and Sidra Khan. "India’s Technological Ascendancy in South Asia: Strategic, Security, and Geopolitical Challenges for Pakistan." Global Foreign Policies Review VIII, no. II (2025): 31-36. https://doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2025(VIII-II).04