SAUDIIRAN RIVALRY PAKISTANS ROLE FROM NEUTRALITY TO MEDIATORY

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2022(V-III).01      10.31703/gfpr.2022(V-III).01      Published : Sep 3
Authored by : ZahraIbrahim , SarwatRauf

01 Pages : 1-13

References

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  • “Imran Calls for Talks to End Saudi-Yemen Dispute.” (2018). Dawn, https://www.dawn.com/news/1434204
  • “Wikileaks Cables: Saudi Arabia Wants Military Rule in Pakistan,” (2010), The Guardian News and Media, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/dec/01/saudis-distrust-pakistan-embassy-cables
  • “Yemen Conflict: Pakistan Rebuffs Saudi Coalition Call.” (2015). BBC, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-32246547
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  • Ahmar, M. (2007). "Sectarian Conflicts in Pakistan." Pakistan Vision 9(1), 1-19.
  • Ahmed, A., & Shahab, Z. (2021). “The Abraham Accords and Pakistan.’” Middle East Policy 28(2) 147- 165. https://doi.org/10.1111/mepo.12569
  • Bayat, A. (2013). "The Arab Spring and its surprises." Development and Change 44(3), 587-601. https://doi.org/10.1111/dech.12030
  • Bukhari, S., & Athar, A. (2017). "The Islamic Military Alliance against Terrorism: Efficacy and Challenges." Pakistan Journal of Peace and Conflict Studies 2(1), 59-69.
  • Burke, S. M., & Lawrence, Z. (1990). Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: An Historical Analysis (Karachi: Oxford University Press)
  • Choudhary, L. K. (1974). "Pakistan as a factor in Indo-Iranian relations." The Indian Journal of Political Science 35(4), 352-361. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41852105
  • Fassihi, F., & Hubbard, B. (2019). “Saudi Arabia and Iran Make Quiet Openings to Head off War”, The New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/04/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-iran-talks.htm
  • Freeman, M., Katherine E., & Kator- Mubarez, A. (2021). The Global Spread of Islamism and the Consequences for Terrorism (University of Nebraska Press).
  • Gause III, F. Gregory. (2014). "Beyond sectarianism: The new Middle East cold war." Brookings Doha Center Analysis Paper 11, 1-27.
  • Haider, M. (2015). “Syrian Crisis: Pakistan against Any Attempt to Topple Bashar al-Assad.” Dawn. https://www.dawn.com/news/1228523
  • Heradstveit, D., & Matthew, G. B. (2007). "What the axis of evil metaphor did to Iran." The Middle East Journal, 61(3), 421-440 https://www.jstor.org/stable/4330418
  • Imtiaz, A. (2019). “Pakistan-Iran Relations: Economic and Political Dimensions”. Center for Iranian Studies in Ankara (Ä°RAM),
  • Jamal, U. (2019). “The Kuala Lumpur Summit 2019 Shows Pakistan’s Diplomatic Subservience to Saudi Arabia”. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2019/12/thekuala-lumpur-summit-2019
  • Karim, U. (2017), "Iran-Pakistan Relations: The Current State of Affairs." Center for Iranian Studies in Ankara (Ä°RAM) http://www.iramcenter.org
  • Khalid, I, P. D., & Safdar, A. (2020). "Iran’s Nuclear Agreement: RethinkingPakistan’s Middle East Policy." South Asian Studies 31(1),
  • Khalid, I., & Safdar, A. (2016). Iran's nuclear agreement: Rethinking Pakistan's Middle East policy. South Asian Studies, 31(1), 347-366.
  • Kheli, S. T. (1977). “Iran and Pakistan: Cooperation in an Area of Conflict”. Asian Survey. 17(5), https://doi.org/10.2307/2643291
  • Khurram, A., & Marvin, W. (2014). “Pakistan and Saudi Arabia: Deference, Dependence, and Deterrence”, Middle East Journal, 68(2), 211-228. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43698156
  • Kinninmont, J. (2019). “The Gulf Divided: The Impact of the Qatar Crisis”. Chatham House, https://www.chathamhouse.org/2019/05/gulf-divided-impact-qatar-crisis
  • Krane, J., & Mark, F. (2019). "The US Response to Attacks on Persian Gulf Oil Infrastructure and Strategic Implications for Petro-States." https://www.bakerinstitute.org/research/us-response-attacks-persian-gulf-oil-infrastructure
  • Lynch, M. (2017). "Three big lessons of the Qatar crisis." The Qatar Crisis, 14-16.
  • Mahmood, S. (2016). “The United States and the Issue of Iran-Saudi Arabia Rivalry”, https://www.e-ir.info/2016/01/20/the-united-states-and-the-issue-of-iran-saudi-arabia-rivalry/
  • Malik, A. M. (2020). "An infallible bond", The News International.
  • Mamadkul, J. (2014)."Saudi Arabia–Iran’s foreign policy crisis: A case study of execution of Saudi Shia Cleric Shaikh Nimr al-Nimr." Rangsit Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities.
  • Mohammed, A. A., & Moorthy, R. (2019). "Saudi-Iran Rivalry in The Middle East: Implication to National Security." e- BANGI, 16(1), 1-13.
  • Muddassir, Q. (2018). “Indo-Saudi Relations: Emerging Strategic Dimensions”. Middle East Institute, New Delhi http://www.mei.org.in/uploads/content/173-1566929735-analysesmonograph.pdf
  • Muhammad, M., Khan, R., & Yaseen, Z. (2017). "Saudi–Iran Strife: Complexities for Pakistan." Global Regional Review 2(1), 119-134., https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199899234.003.0004
  • Panda, A. (2019). “Pakistan's Approach to Navigating the Saudi-Iranian Split”. United States Institute of Peace,
  • Prados, A. B., & Christopher, M. B. (2007). "Saudi Arabia: current issues and US relations." Library of Congress Washington DC Congressional Research Service,
  • Qumber, G., Waseem, I., & Saqib, R. (2017). “Islamic Military Alliance (IMA) – and Pakistan”. Global Regional Review, 2(I), 135-51.
  • Ripsman, N. M., Jeffrey W. T., & Steven E. L. (2016). 'Neoclassical Realist Intervening Variables', Neoclassical Realist Theory of International Politics (New York).
  • Sial, S. (2015). Emerging Dynamics in Pakistani-Saudi Relations. Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre.
  • Soherwordi, S. H. S. (2010). "US foreign policy shift towards Pakistan between 1965 & 1971 Pak-India wars." South Asian Studies 25(1),
  • Stern, J. (2000). “Pakistan's Jihad Culture”. Foreign Affairs. 79(6),
  • Stork, J., & Martha, W. (1991). "The US in the Persian Gulf: From rapid deployment to massive deployment." Middle East Report, 22-26
  • Tahir-Kheli, S. (1977). "Iran and Pakistan: Cooperation in an area of Conflict." Asian Survey 17(5), 474-490.
  • Wolf, S. O. (2021). "Pakistan-Saudi Arabia relations in flux: Is Islamabad realigning its foreign policy?". SADF- South Asia Democratic Forum, 26, https://doui.org/10.11588/xarep.00004464
  • Yamin, T. (2017). Pakistan’s foreign policy motivations in sending troops abroad. NUST Journal of International Peace and Stability 1(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v1i1.1
  • Yang, H. (2018). Time to up the game? Middle Eastern security and Chinese strategic involvement. Asia Europe Journal, 16(3), 283-296 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10308-018-0509-6
  • Zahid, S. A., & Abbas, K. (2021). “The Abraham Accords and Pakistan.” Middle East Policy, 28(2), 147- 165. https://doi.org/10.1111/mepo.12569
  • "Qasem Soleimani: the US Kills Top Iranian General in Baghdad Air Strike." (2020). BBC, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-50979463
  • “Imran Calls for Talks to End Saudi-Yemen Dispute.” (2018). Dawn, https://www.dawn.com/news/1434204
  • “Wikileaks Cables: Saudi Arabia Wants Military Rule in Pakistan,” (2010), The Guardian News and Media, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/dec/01/saudis-distrust-pakistan-embassy-cables
  • “Yemen Conflict: Pakistan Rebuffs Saudi Coalition Call.” (2015). BBC, https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-32246547
  • Adeney, K. (2017). How to understand Pakistan's hybrid regime: The importance of a multidimensional continuum. Democratization 24(1), 119- 137. https://doi.org/10.1080/13510347.2015.1110574
  • Afzal, M. (2019). "Saudi Arabia’s hold on Pakistan." The Brookings Foreign Policy Brief.
  • Ahmar, M. (2007). "Sectarian Conflicts in Pakistan." Pakistan Vision 9(1), 1-19.
  • Ahmed, A., & Shahab, Z. (2021). “The Abraham Accords and Pakistan.’” Middle East Policy 28(2) 147- 165. https://doi.org/10.1111/mepo.12569
  • Bayat, A. (2013). "The Arab Spring and its surprises." Development and Change 44(3), 587-601. https://doi.org/10.1111/dech.12030
  • Bukhari, S., & Athar, A. (2017). "The Islamic Military Alliance against Terrorism: Efficacy and Challenges." Pakistan Journal of Peace and Conflict Studies 2(1), 59-69.
  • Burke, S. M., & Lawrence, Z. (1990). Pakistan’s Foreign Policy: An Historical Analysis (Karachi: Oxford University Press)
  • Choudhary, L. K. (1974). "Pakistan as a factor in Indo-Iranian relations." The Indian Journal of Political Science 35(4), 352-361. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41852105
  • Fassihi, F., & Hubbard, B. (2019). “Saudi Arabia and Iran Make Quiet Openings to Head off War”, The New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/04/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-iran-talks.htm
  • Freeman, M., Katherine E., & Kator- Mubarez, A. (2021). The Global Spread of Islamism and the Consequences for Terrorism (University of Nebraska Press).
  • Gause III, F. Gregory. (2014). "Beyond sectarianism: The new Middle East cold war." Brookings Doha Center Analysis Paper 11, 1-27.
  • Haider, M. (2015). “Syrian Crisis: Pakistan against Any Attempt to Topple Bashar al-Assad.” Dawn. https://www.dawn.com/news/1228523
  • Heradstveit, D., & Matthew, G. B. (2007). "What the axis of evil metaphor did to Iran." The Middle East Journal, 61(3), 421-440 https://www.jstor.org/stable/4330418
  • Imtiaz, A. (2019). “Pakistan-Iran Relations: Economic and Political Dimensions”. Center for Iranian Studies in Ankara (Ä°RAM),
  • Jamal, U. (2019). “The Kuala Lumpur Summit 2019 Shows Pakistan’s Diplomatic Subservience to Saudi Arabia”. The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2019/12/thekuala-lumpur-summit-2019
  • Karim, U. (2017), "Iran-Pakistan Relations: The Current State of Affairs." Center for Iranian Studies in Ankara (Ä°RAM) http://www.iramcenter.org
  • Khalid, I, P. D., & Safdar, A. (2020). "Iran’s Nuclear Agreement: RethinkingPakistan’s Middle East Policy." South Asian Studies 31(1),
  • Khalid, I., & Safdar, A. (2016). Iran's nuclear agreement: Rethinking Pakistan's Middle East policy. South Asian Studies, 31(1), 347-366.
  • Kheli, S. T. (1977). “Iran and Pakistan: Cooperation in an Area of Conflict”. Asian Survey. 17(5), https://doi.org/10.2307/2643291
  • Khurram, A., & Marvin, W. (2014). “Pakistan and Saudi Arabia: Deference, Dependence, and Deterrence”, Middle East Journal, 68(2), 211-228. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43698156
  • Kinninmont, J. (2019). “The Gulf Divided: The Impact of the Qatar Crisis”. Chatham House, https://www.chathamhouse.org/2019/05/gulf-divided-impact-qatar-crisis
  • Krane, J., & Mark, F. (2019). "The US Response to Attacks on Persian Gulf Oil Infrastructure and Strategic Implications for Petro-States." https://www.bakerinstitute.org/research/us-response-attacks-persian-gulf-oil-infrastructure
  • Lynch, M. (2017). "Three big lessons of the Qatar crisis." The Qatar Crisis, 14-16.
  • Mahmood, S. (2016). “The United States and the Issue of Iran-Saudi Arabia Rivalry”, https://www.e-ir.info/2016/01/20/the-united-states-and-the-issue-of-iran-saudi-arabia-rivalry/
  • Malik, A. M. (2020). "An infallible bond", The News International.
  • Mamadkul, J. (2014)."Saudi Arabia–Iran’s foreign policy crisis: A case study of execution of Saudi Shia Cleric Shaikh Nimr al-Nimr." Rangsit Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities.
  • Mohammed, A. A., & Moorthy, R. (2019). "Saudi-Iran Rivalry in The Middle East: Implication to National Security." e- BANGI, 16(1), 1-13.
  • Muddassir, Q. (2018). “Indo-Saudi Relations: Emerging Strategic Dimensions”. Middle East Institute, New Delhi http://www.mei.org.in/uploads/content/173-1566929735-analysesmonograph.pdf
  • Muhammad, M., Khan, R., & Yaseen, Z. (2017). "Saudi–Iran Strife: Complexities for Pakistan." Global Regional Review 2(1), 119-134., https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199899234.003.0004
  • Panda, A. (2019). “Pakistan's Approach to Navigating the Saudi-Iranian Split”. United States Institute of Peace,
  • Prados, A. B., & Christopher, M. B. (2007). "Saudi Arabia: current issues and US relations." Library of Congress Washington DC Congressional Research Service,
  • Qumber, G., Waseem, I., & Saqib, R. (2017). “Islamic Military Alliance (IMA) – and Pakistan”. Global Regional Review, 2(I), 135-51.
  • Ripsman, N. M., Jeffrey W. T., & Steven E. L. (2016). 'Neoclassical Realist Intervening Variables', Neoclassical Realist Theory of International Politics (New York).
  • Sial, S. (2015). Emerging Dynamics in Pakistani-Saudi Relations. Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre.
  • Soherwordi, S. H. S. (2010). "US foreign policy shift towards Pakistan between 1965 & 1971 Pak-India wars." South Asian Studies 25(1),
  • Stern, J. (2000). “Pakistan's Jihad Culture”. Foreign Affairs. 79(6),
  • Stork, J., & Martha, W. (1991). "The US in the Persian Gulf: From rapid deployment to massive deployment." Middle East Report, 22-26
  • Tahir-Kheli, S. (1977). "Iran and Pakistan: Cooperation in an area of Conflict." Asian Survey 17(5), 474-490.
  • Wolf, S. O. (2021). "Pakistan-Saudi Arabia relations in flux: Is Islamabad realigning its foreign policy?". SADF- South Asia Democratic Forum, 26, https://doui.org/10.11588/xarep.00004464
  • Yamin, T. (2017). Pakistan’s foreign policy motivations in sending troops abroad. NUST Journal of International Peace and Stability 1(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.37540/njips.v1i1.1
  • Yang, H. (2018). Time to up the game? Middle Eastern security and Chinese strategic involvement. Asia Europe Journal, 16(3), 283-296 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10308-018-0509-6
  • Zahid, S. A., & Abbas, K. (2021). “The Abraham Accords and Pakistan.” Middle East Policy, 28(2), 147- 165. https://doi.org/10.1111/mepo.12569

Cite this article

    CHICAGO : Ibrahim, Zahra, and Sarwat Rauf. 2022. "Saudi-Iran Rivalry: Pakistan's Role from Neutrality to Mediatory." Global Foreign Policies Review, V (III): 1-13 doi: 10.31703/gfpr.2022(V-III).01
    HARVARD : IBRAHIM, Z. & RAUF, S. 2022. Saudi-Iran Rivalry: Pakistan's Role from Neutrality to Mediatory. Global Foreign Policies Review, V, 1-13.
    MHRA : Ibrahim, Zahra, and Sarwat Rauf. 2022. "Saudi-Iran Rivalry: Pakistan's Role from Neutrality to Mediatory." Global Foreign Policies Review, V: 1-13
    MLA : Ibrahim, Zahra, and Sarwat Rauf. "Saudi-Iran Rivalry: Pakistan's Role from Neutrality to Mediatory." Global Foreign Policies Review, V.III (2022): 1-13 Print.
    OXFORD : Ibrahim, Zahra and Rauf, Sarwat (2022), "Saudi-Iran Rivalry: Pakistan's Role from Neutrality to Mediatory", Global Foreign Policies Review, V (III), 1-13