IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ARMS RACE DIPLOMACY AND ECONOMY A CASE STUDY OF GREAT POWER COMPETITION BETWEEN THE US AND CHINA

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2023(VI-III).05      10.31703/gfpr.2023(VI-III).05      Published : Sep 3
Authored by : Abdul Rauf , Sajid Iqbal

05 Pages : 44-63

References

  • Bazavan, A., & Catalin-Emilian Huidumac- Petrescu. (2022). "China’s Drive for Technological Leadership in Artificial Intelligence. Key Policies and Government IndustryIntegration." In International Conference on Business Excellence, pp. 17-30. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland
  • Agrawal, A., Gans, J., & Goldfarb, A. (2019). The economics of artificial intelligence: An Agenda. University of Chicago Press.
  • Wivel, A. (2017). Realism in foreign policy analysis. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.475
  • Moravcsik, A. (1992). Liberalism and international relations theory. No. 92- 96.Cambridge, MA: Center for International Affairs, Harvard University
  • Basit, A., Zafar, M., Liu, X., Javed, A. R., Jalil, Z., & Kifayat, K. (2021). A comprehensive survey of AI-enabled phishing attack detection techniques. Telecommunication Systems, 76, 139-154.
  • Bigsten, A., & Gebreeyesus, M.(2007) "The small, the young, and the productive: Determinants of manufacturing firm growth in Ethiopia." Economic Development and Cultural Change 55, no. 4:813-840.
  • Bretislav, F., & Hoffmann, D. (2017). "Clara Immerwahr: A life in the shadow of FritzHaber." In One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences, pp. 45-67. Springer International Publishing
  • Watney, C. (2019). “Trump’s Artificial Intelligence Strategy: Aspirations WithoutTeeth”, Lawfare
  • Janiesch, C., Zschech P., & Heinrich, K.(2021). "Machine learning and deep learning." Electronic Markets 31,(3),
  • Eustace, C.(2000). "The intangible economy: Impact and policy issues. Report of the European high level expert group on the intangible economy."
  • Bjola, C.(2019). "Diplomacy in the age of artificial intelligence. http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal/rielcano_en/contenido
  • Cook, D.(2023). "The future combat pilot- asleep at the wheel?." Air/Space 2Safiah Binti, Zulkifli. (2020). "Development of a K-band FMCW flexible radar prototype for detection and classification of nano-drones." PhD diss.
  • Kļaviņš, D.(2021). "Diplomacy and Artificial Intelligence in Global Political Competition. Global Studies 213
  • Kania E. B.(2019). "Chinese military innovation in artificial intelligence." Testimony to the USChina Economic and Security Review Commission
  • Biass, E., & Baybrook, R.(2020). "Shift in Service Attitudes." ArmadaInternational (2006)S ukhankin, Sergey. "Is Turkey Becoming a DroneSuperpower?." Gulf StateAnalytics
  • Roumate, F. (2022). "Artificial Intelligence Transformation in the Industry: ChallengesandOpportunities." In International scientific conference on Digital Transformation in Industry: Trends, Management, Strategies, pp. 381- 388. Cham: Springer NatureSwitzerland
  • Firouzi, F., Farahani, B., Daneshmand, M., Grise, K., Song, J., Saracco, R., ... & Luo, A.(2021). Harnessing the power of smart and connected health to tackle COVID-19, AI, robotics, and blockchain for a better world. IEEE Internet of Things Journal,8(16), 12826- 12846.
  • Okpaleke F. N. (2023). "The Implications of Drone Proliferation for US GrandStrategy."In Drones and US Grand Strategy in the Contemporary World, pp. 211239. Cham: Springer International Publishing
  • Gabriel W. N. (2020). The problem with killer robots. Journal of Military Ethics, 19(3),220-240
  • Berridge G. R. (2022). Diplomacy: theory and practice. Springer NatureMarta, Konovalova.(2023). "AI and diplomacy: challenges and opportunities." Journal of Liberty and International Affairs 9, no. 2:520-530.
  • Guy, M.(2022). "Robotics: Unmanned ground vehicles gaining traction." Asia- PacificDefenceReporter (2002) 48, no. 9 Tizhoosh H. R., & Pantanowitz, L.(2018).
  • Tizhoosh H. R., & Pantanowitz, L.(2018). "Artificial intelligence and digital pathology: Challenges and opportunities." Journal of Pathology Informatics 9, no. 1
  • LEE, H.(2021). "China’s economic and technological strategy in the age of XiJinping." China's Grand Strategy: A Roadmap to Global Power? 42
  • Omaar, H.(2022). "US AI Policy Report Card." Center for Data Innovation, July 27Donald, Trump. (2019). "Accelerating America’s leadership in artificial intelligence." 201905- 10]. https://www.whitehouse.gov/articles/accelerating-americas-leadershipinartificialintelligence
  • Poudel, J. (2021) "Changing international system: The role of technology in the 21st century global power relations." PhD diss., Department of International Relations and Diplomacy
  • Johnson, J. (2023). AI and the Bomb: Nuclear Strategy and Risk in the Digital Age. Oxford University Press.
  • Duke J. E.(2022). "Ethics and the" Intelligentization" of Warfare: A Brief Survey of Progress and Problems of the Artificial Intelligence Superpowers."
  • Jasper, S. (2023b). Resilience against hybrid threats: Empowered by Emerging Technologies: A study based on Russian invasion of Ukraine. In Springer optimization and its applications (pp. 209–226). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39542-0_10
  • Siracusa, J. M. (2020). Nuclear Weapons: A very short introduction. In Oxford University Press eBooks. https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198860532.001.0001
  • Tamini, K. H. "Dominion by Design: The Global AI Race and its Geo strategicImplications Navigating the Shift in Power Dynamics through Artificial IntelligenceAdvancements.
  • Waltz, K. N. (2000). Structural Realism after the Cold War. International Security, 25(1), 5–41. https://doi.org/10.1162/016228800560372
  • Anatolyevich, K. O.(2022). "Artificial Intelligence as a Strategic Asset in TechnologicalRace for Global Leadership."Kai-Fu, Lee. (2021). The Third Revolution in Warfare (Atlantic)
  • Humble, K. P. (2023). Artificial intelligence, international law and the race for killer robots in modern warfare. In Critical criminological perspectives (pp. 57–76). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19149-7_3
  • Loader, B. (1997). The governance of cyberspace: Politics, Technology and Global Restructuring. Psychology Press.
  • Cotting, M. C., Stephens, S. S., Cole, J., Barricklow, J., & Gray, W. R. (2023). X- 62 VISTA Capabilities and Architecture. AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-1744
  • Gruba J, M.(2018). "Synthetic Cognition: The Implications of Artificial Intelligence on Marine Corps Combat Effectiveness at the Tactical and Operational Levels of War."
  • Cummings, M. (1995). interview with Scott BradnerErica L, Groshen., Susan Helper, John Paul MacDuffie, and Charles Carson.(2019). "Preparing US workers and employers for an autonomous vehicle future."
  • Johnson, J. (2021). Artificial intelligence and the future of warfare. https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526145062
  • Ndzendze, B., & Marwala, T. (2023). Artificial intelligence and international relations theories. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Duggal, N. (2023). “What is Artificial Intelligence and Why It Matters in 2024?” lesson1
  • Wang, P. (2019). On defining artificial intelligence. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 10(2), 1–37. https://doi.org/10.2478/jagi-2019-0002
  • Aghion, P., Jones, B. F., & Jones, C. I. (2017). Artificial intelligence and economic growth. https://doi.org/10.3386/w23928
  • Pantucci, R., & Kabir, T. (2022). “Did al- Qaeda Die with Ayman al- Zawahiri?”.Lawfare
  • Armitage, R. (2019). We must oppose lethal autonomous weapons systems. British Journal of General Practice, 69(687), 510–511. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x705869
  • Robert L., Grant Jr. (2020). "Military Innovation in the Third Age of US Unmanned Aviation,1991-2015." PhD diss., Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School
  • Saari, S., Secrieru, S., Kaczmarski, M., Kluge, J., Rácz, A., Stanovaya, T., & Wilson, A. (2020). Front Matter from RUSSIAN FUTURES 2030: The shape of things to come on JSTOR. (n.d.). www.jstor.org. https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep26053.1
  • Siddarth, D. (2023b). Four Battlegrounds: Power in the Age of Artificial Intelligence by Paul Scharre (review). Journal of Democracy, 34(3), 173–177. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2023.a900443
  • McLean, S., Read, G. J. M., Thompson, J., Baber, C., Stanton, N. A., & Salmon, P. M. (2021b). The risks associated with Artificial General Intelligence: A systematic review. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 35(5), 649–663. https://doi.org/10.1080/0952813x.2021.1964003

References

  • Bazavan, A., & Catalin-Emilian Huidumac- Petrescu. (2022). "China’s Drive for Technological Leadership in Artificial Intelligence. Key Policies and Government IndustryIntegration." In International Conference on Business Excellence, pp. 17-30. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland
  • Agrawal, A., Gans, J., & Goldfarb, A. (2019). The economics of artificial intelligence: An Agenda. University of Chicago Press.
  • Wivel, A. (2017). Realism in foreign policy analysis. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.475
  • Moravcsik, A. (1992). Liberalism and international relations theory. No. 92- 96.Cambridge, MA: Center for International Affairs, Harvard University
  • Basit, A., Zafar, M., Liu, X., Javed, A. R., Jalil, Z., & Kifayat, K. (2021). A comprehensive survey of AI-enabled phishing attack detection techniques. Telecommunication Systems, 76, 139-154.
  • Bigsten, A., & Gebreeyesus, M.(2007) "The small, the young, and the productive: Determinants of manufacturing firm growth in Ethiopia." Economic Development and Cultural Change 55, no. 4:813-840.
  • Bretislav, F., & Hoffmann, D. (2017). "Clara Immerwahr: A life in the shadow of FritzHaber." In One Hundred Years of Chemical Warfare: Research, Deployment, Consequences, pp. 45-67. Springer International Publishing
  • Watney, C. (2019). “Trump’s Artificial Intelligence Strategy: Aspirations WithoutTeeth”, Lawfare
  • Janiesch, C., Zschech P., & Heinrich, K.(2021). "Machine learning and deep learning." Electronic Markets 31,(3),
  • Eustace, C.(2000). "The intangible economy: Impact and policy issues. Report of the European high level expert group on the intangible economy."
  • Bjola, C.(2019). "Diplomacy in the age of artificial intelligence. http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal/rielcano_en/contenido
  • Cook, D.(2023). "The future combat pilot- asleep at the wheel?." Air/Space 2Safiah Binti, Zulkifli. (2020). "Development of a K-band FMCW flexible radar prototype for detection and classification of nano-drones." PhD diss.
  • Kļaviņš, D.(2021). "Diplomacy and Artificial Intelligence in Global Political Competition. Global Studies 213
  • Kania E. B.(2019). "Chinese military innovation in artificial intelligence." Testimony to the USChina Economic and Security Review Commission
  • Biass, E., & Baybrook, R.(2020). "Shift in Service Attitudes." ArmadaInternational (2006)S ukhankin, Sergey. "Is Turkey Becoming a DroneSuperpower?." Gulf StateAnalytics
  • Roumate, F. (2022). "Artificial Intelligence Transformation in the Industry: ChallengesandOpportunities." In International scientific conference on Digital Transformation in Industry: Trends, Management, Strategies, pp. 381- 388. Cham: Springer NatureSwitzerland
  • Firouzi, F., Farahani, B., Daneshmand, M., Grise, K., Song, J., Saracco, R., ... & Luo, A.(2021). Harnessing the power of smart and connected health to tackle COVID-19, AI, robotics, and blockchain for a better world. IEEE Internet of Things Journal,8(16), 12826- 12846.
  • Okpaleke F. N. (2023). "The Implications of Drone Proliferation for US GrandStrategy."In Drones and US Grand Strategy in the Contemporary World, pp. 211239. Cham: Springer International Publishing
  • Gabriel W. N. (2020). The problem with killer robots. Journal of Military Ethics, 19(3),220-240
  • Berridge G. R. (2022). Diplomacy: theory and practice. Springer NatureMarta, Konovalova.(2023). "AI and diplomacy: challenges and opportunities." Journal of Liberty and International Affairs 9, no. 2:520-530.
  • Guy, M.(2022). "Robotics: Unmanned ground vehicles gaining traction." Asia- PacificDefenceReporter (2002) 48, no. 9 Tizhoosh H. R., & Pantanowitz, L.(2018).
  • Tizhoosh H. R., & Pantanowitz, L.(2018). "Artificial intelligence and digital pathology: Challenges and opportunities." Journal of Pathology Informatics 9, no. 1
  • LEE, H.(2021). "China’s economic and technological strategy in the age of XiJinping." China's Grand Strategy: A Roadmap to Global Power? 42
  • Omaar, H.(2022). "US AI Policy Report Card." Center for Data Innovation, July 27Donald, Trump. (2019). "Accelerating America’s leadership in artificial intelligence." 201905- 10]. https://www.whitehouse.gov/articles/accelerating-americas-leadershipinartificialintelligence
  • Poudel, J. (2021) "Changing international system: The role of technology in the 21st century global power relations." PhD diss., Department of International Relations and Diplomacy
  • Johnson, J. (2023). AI and the Bomb: Nuclear Strategy and Risk in the Digital Age. Oxford University Press.
  • Duke J. E.(2022). "Ethics and the" Intelligentization" of Warfare: A Brief Survey of Progress and Problems of the Artificial Intelligence Superpowers."
  • Jasper, S. (2023b). Resilience against hybrid threats: Empowered by Emerging Technologies: A study based on Russian invasion of Ukraine. In Springer optimization and its applications (pp. 209–226). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39542-0_10
  • Siracusa, J. M. (2020). Nuclear Weapons: A very short introduction. In Oxford University Press eBooks. https://doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198860532.001.0001
  • Tamini, K. H. "Dominion by Design: The Global AI Race and its Geo strategicImplications Navigating the Shift in Power Dynamics through Artificial IntelligenceAdvancements.
  • Waltz, K. N. (2000). Structural Realism after the Cold War. International Security, 25(1), 5–41. https://doi.org/10.1162/016228800560372
  • Anatolyevich, K. O.(2022). "Artificial Intelligence as a Strategic Asset in TechnologicalRace for Global Leadership."Kai-Fu, Lee. (2021). The Third Revolution in Warfare (Atlantic)
  • Humble, K. P. (2023). Artificial intelligence, international law and the race for killer robots in modern warfare. In Critical criminological perspectives (pp. 57–76). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19149-7_3
  • Loader, B. (1997). The governance of cyberspace: Politics, Technology and Global Restructuring. Psychology Press.
  • Cotting, M. C., Stephens, S. S., Cole, J., Barricklow, J., & Gray, W. R. (2023). X- 62 VISTA Capabilities and Architecture. AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2023-1744
  • Gruba J, M.(2018). "Synthetic Cognition: The Implications of Artificial Intelligence on Marine Corps Combat Effectiveness at the Tactical and Operational Levels of War."
  • Cummings, M. (1995). interview with Scott BradnerErica L, Groshen., Susan Helper, John Paul MacDuffie, and Charles Carson.(2019). "Preparing US workers and employers for an autonomous vehicle future."
  • Johnson, J. (2021). Artificial intelligence and the future of warfare. https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526145062
  • Ndzendze, B., & Marwala, T. (2023). Artificial intelligence and international relations theories. Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Duggal, N. (2023). “What is Artificial Intelligence and Why It Matters in 2024?” lesson1
  • Wang, P. (2019). On defining artificial intelligence. Journal of Artificial General Intelligence, 10(2), 1–37. https://doi.org/10.2478/jagi-2019-0002
  • Aghion, P., Jones, B. F., & Jones, C. I. (2017). Artificial intelligence and economic growth. https://doi.org/10.3386/w23928
  • Pantucci, R., & Kabir, T. (2022). “Did al- Qaeda Die with Ayman al- Zawahiri?”.Lawfare
  • Armitage, R. (2019). We must oppose lethal autonomous weapons systems. British Journal of General Practice, 69(687), 510–511. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x705869
  • Robert L., Grant Jr. (2020). "Military Innovation in the Third Age of US Unmanned Aviation,1991-2015." PhD diss., Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School
  • Saari, S., Secrieru, S., Kaczmarski, M., Kluge, J., Rácz, A., Stanovaya, T., & Wilson, A. (2020). Front Matter from RUSSIAN FUTURES 2030: The shape of things to come on JSTOR. (n.d.). www.jstor.org. https://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep26053.1
  • Siddarth, D. (2023b). Four Battlegrounds: Power in the Age of Artificial Intelligence by Paul Scharre (review). Journal of Democracy, 34(3), 173–177. https://doi.org/10.1353/jod.2023.a900443
  • McLean, S., Read, G. J. M., Thompson, J., Baber, C., Stanton, N. A., & Salmon, P. M. (2021b). The risks associated with Artificial General Intelligence: A systematic review. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 35(5), 649–663. https://doi.org/10.1080/0952813x.2021.1964003

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Rauf, A., & Iqbal, S. (2023). Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Arms Race, Diplomacy, and Economy: A Case Study of Great Power Competition between the US and China. Global Foreign Policies Review, VI(III), 44-63. https://doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2023(VI-III).05

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Rauf, Abdul, and Sajid Iqbal. 2023. "Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Arms Race, Diplomacy, and Economy: A Case Study of Great Power Competition between the US and China." Global Foreign Policies Review, VI (III): 44-63 doi: 10.31703/gfpr.2023(VI-III).05

HARVARD

    HARVARD : RAUF, A. & IQBAL, S. 2023. Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Arms Race, Diplomacy, and Economy: A Case Study of Great Power Competition between the US and China. Global Foreign Policies Review, VI, 44-63.

MHRA

    MHRA : Rauf, Abdul, and Sajid Iqbal. 2023. "Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Arms Race, Diplomacy, and Economy: A Case Study of Great Power Competition between the US and China." Global Foreign Policies Review, VI: 44-63

MLA

    MLA : Rauf, Abdul, and Sajid Iqbal. "Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Arms Race, Diplomacy, and Economy: A Case Study of Great Power Competition between the US and China." Global Foreign Policies Review, VI.III (2023): 44-63 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Rauf, Abdul and Iqbal, Sajid (2023), "Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Arms Race, Diplomacy, and Economy: A Case Study of Great Power Competition between the US and China", Global Foreign Policies Review, VI (III), 44-63

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Rauf, Abdul, and Sajid Iqbal. "Impact of Artificial Intelligence in Arms Race, Diplomacy, and Economy: A Case Study of Great Power Competition between the US and China." Global Foreign Policies Review VI, no. III (2023): 44-63. https://doi.org/10.31703/gfpr.2023(VI-III).05