References

• Amin, S. (2012). Modern Afghanistan: A History of Struggle and Survival. London: Tauris,
• The New York Times. (2022). “Bhutto Ousts Powerful Intelligence Chief (Published 1989),”
• Coll, S., & Penguin. (2005). Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001. New York Etc.: Penguin Books
• Hickman, K. (2018). “American Foreign Policy: What Was Containment?” Thought Co,
• Khalidi, N. A. (1991). “Afghanistan: Demographic Consequences of War, 1978–1987.” Central Asian Survey.
• Lowenstein, J. (2016). “US Foreign Policy and the Soviet-Afghan War: A Revisionist History.” Harvey M. Applebaum ’59 Award,
• Mahmood, M. (2006). Good Muslim, Bad Muslim: America, the Cold War, and the Roots of Terror. Lagos: Malthouse Press Limited,
• Rashid, A. (2011). “The Taliban: Exporting Extremism.” www.foreignaffairs.com, September 16,
• Robert, M. G. (2008). From the Shadows : The Ultimate Insider’s Story of Five Presidents and How They Won the Cold War. London: Pocket,
• Roy, A. (2013). “The Soviet Union and Cold War Interventions.” Russia, the West, and Military Intervention, May 9, 2013, 24–43.
• Ruland, J., Theodor, H., & Eva, M. (2016). U.S. Foreign Policy toward the Third World: A Post-Cold War Assessment. Routledge,